Safe Childhood India

In India, stepchild adoption is considered a family adoption because it integrates the child into an existing family structure, preserves familial bonds, ensures legal and emotional security, and prioritises the child’s best interests. India recognises stepchild adoption through two distinct legal pathways: the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children)…

Compassion and empathy are complementary Compassion and empathy are complementary qualities that together form the ethical and emotional foundation of effective social work with children. Empathy enables social workers to understand a child’s emotions, experiences, and perspectives, especially in cases involving trauma, neglect, disability, or separation from family. By recognising…

Children with special needs in institutional care require focused and individualized attention due to a variety of physical, cognitive, and medical conditions. Observations from several homes across the country reveal children living with Down Syndrome, cerebral palsy, developmental delays, delayed motor and mental milestones, macrocephaly, microcephaly, and spasticity. Many children…

Specially abled children living in child care institutions often enter care due to abandonment, poverty, disability-related stigma, or the inability of families to provide sustained support. While these children are entitled to comprehensive care, protection, and inclusion, institutional environments frequently face constraints such as limited specialised training among caregivers, frequent…

A significant number of adoptions carried out under the Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act (HAMA), 1956 remain largely invisible to India’s formal child protection system. These adoptions often occur through private or intra-family arrangements, shaped by long-standing social practices, limited awareness of procedural safeguards, reluctance to engage with institutional mechanisms,…

Empathy and compassion are closely related, yet they are not the same. Empathy is the ability to understand and feel what another person is experiencing. It helps us connect emotionally, recognise pain, and acknowledge another’s reality. When we empathise, we listen, relate, and say, “I understand how you feel.” This…

Emotional resilience is the foundation of a child’s ability to navigate stress, relationships, and change with confidence and stability. From early childhood, emotional experiences shape how children understand themselves, relate to others, and respond to adversity. In India, where family ties, cultural identity, and community relationships have traditionally provided emotional…

Separation from parents and prolonged residence in Child Care Institutions (CCIs) significantly affect a child’s emotional security, development, and future well-being. Research and practice consistently show that young children require stable, continuous caregiving relationships to develop trust, regulation, and healthy attachment. When institutional care becomes prolonged, frequent caregiver changes and…

Safeguarding children is fundamentally a child rights issue anchored in the Constitution of India and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). Every child has the inherent right to survival, development, protection, and participation, and these rights must be ensured through responsive families, communities, and state systems.…

Institutions are not designed for children—and yet millions of children around the world grow up in them. From infancy through adolescence, institutional care exposes children to environments that deny them what they need most: love, stability, and human connection. Even when basic needs such as food and shelter are met,…